Understanding loan estimates and closing disclosures

Lenders are generally prohibited from charging you a fee to receive a Loan Estimate. The only exception is a reasonable credit report fee, which can be charged before providing the estimate. You should be wary of any lender that demands an upfront payment for other services to issue a Loan Estimate.

A Loan Estimate is a standardized, three-page form that you receive after applying for a mortgage. It provides key details about the loan you’ve applied for, including the estimated interest rate, monthly payment, total closing costs, and other critical loan features. Its purpose is to help you understand the offer and compare it to loans from other lenders.

The Loan Estimate is the opening offer, and the Closing Disclosure is the final statement. You will receive the Closing Disclosure at least three business days before your closing. This form should be very similar to your initial Loan Estimate, allowing you to verify that the terms and costs are what you agreed upon.

You should meticulously compare your Closing Disclosure to the Loan Estimate you received at the start of the process. Key items to check include:
Loan Terms: Interest rate, loan amount, and loan type.
Projected Payments: Your monthly principal, interest, mortgage insurance, and escrow payments.
Closing Costs: Compare the “Total Closing Costs” and ensure no new or significantly higher fees have appeared unexpectedly.