Questions to ask before applying

Eligibility depends on your specific circumstances and type of loan. Generally, you may be eligible if you have experienced a financial hardship such as job loss, a reduction in income, a medical emergency, or a natural disaster. Borrowers with government-backed loans (like FHA, VA, or USDA loans) often have specific forbearance programs available.

Discount points are an upfront fee you pay to the lender at closing to reduce your interest rate. Each point typically costs 1% of your loan amount and lowers your rate by a certain percentage (e.g., 0.25%). This is a form of “buying down” your rate and can be a good strategy if you plan to stay in the home long enough for the monthly savings to exceed the upfront cost.

While both protect the lender, FHA Mortgage Insurance is required on all FHA loans, regardless of down payment size, and it typically lasts for the entire life of the loan if you put down less than 10%. PMI, on the other hand, is for conventional loans and can be removed once you reach 20-22% equity.

The process varies by lender. Typically, you can do this through your online mortgage account portal, by phone, or by mailing a check. It is critical to include clear written instructions (e.g., “Apply to principal reduction only”) and to verify the payment was applied correctly on your next statement.