Home equity loan vs HELOC basics

A Home Equity Loan provides a single, lump-sum payment upfront, which you repay with a fixed interest rate and consistent monthly payments. A HELOC works more like a credit card, giving you a revolving line of credit to draw from as needed during a “draw period,“ typically with a variable interest rate. You only pay interest on the amount you’ve actually borrowed.

A HELOC provides significantly more flexible access to funds. You can draw money as needed during the “draw period” (often 5-10 years), pay it back, and then borrow again. A Home Equity Loan gives you a single, upfront lump sum, after which you cannot access more funds without applying for a new loan.

Yes, but only if the loan was used to “buy, build, or substantially improve” the home that secures the loan. The debt must also fall within the $750,000 (or $1 million) total mortgage limit. You cannot deduct interest on a home equity loan used for personal expenses, such as paying off credit card debt or funding a vacation.

Home Equity Loan: Often called a “second mortgage,“ this provides a lump sum of cash upfront at a fixed interest rate. It’s ideal for debt consolidation when you know the exact amount you need to pay off.
HELOC (Home Equity Line of Credit): This works like a credit card, giving you a revolving line of credit to draw from as needed over a “draw period.“ It typically has a variable interest rate. It’s more flexible if you have ongoing expenses or debts to pay off over time.